console.c

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/* Code and data for the IBM console driver.
 *
 * The 6845 video controller used by the IBM PC shares its video memory with
 * the CPU somewhere in the 0xB0000 memory bank.  To the 6845 this memory
 * consists of 16-bit words.  Each word has a character code in the low byte
 * and a so-called attribute byte in the high byte.  The CPU directly modifies
 * video memory to display characters, and sets two registers on the 6845 that
 * specify the video origin and the cursor position.  The video origin is the
 * place in video memory where the first character (upper left corner) can
 * be found.  Moving the origin is a fast way to scroll the screen.  Some
 * video adapters wrap around the top of video memory, so the origin can
 * move without bounds.  For other adapters screen memory must sometimes be
 * moved to reset the origin.  All computations on video memory use character
 * (word) addresses for simplicity and assume there is no wrapping.  The
 * assembly support functions translate the word addresses to byte addresses
 * and the scrolling function worries about wrapping.
 */

#include "../drivers.h"
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/vm.h>
#include <minix/callnr.h>
#include <minix/com.h>
#include "tty.h"

#include "../../kernel/const.h"
#include "../../kernel/config.h"
#include "../../kernel/type.h"

/* Definitions used by the console driver. */
#define MONO_BASE    0xB0000L   /* base of mono video memory */
#define COLOR_BASE   0xB8000L   /* base of color video memory */
#define MONO_SIZE     0x1000    /* 4K mono video memory */
#define COLOR_SIZE    0x4000    /* 16K color video memory */
#define EGA_SIZE      0x8000    /* EGA & VGA have at least 32K */
#define BLANK_COLOR   0x0700    /* determines cursor color on blank screen */
#define SCROLL_UP          0    /* scroll forward */
#define SCROLL_DOWN        1    /* scroll backward */
#define BLANK_MEM ((u16_t *) 0) /* tells mem_vid_copy() to blank the screen */
#define CONS_RAM_WORDS    80    /* video ram buffer size */
#define MAX_ESC_PARMS      4    /* number of escape sequence params allowed */

/* Constants relating to the controller chips. */
#define M_6845         0x3B4    /* port for 6845 mono */
#define C_6845         0x3D4    /* port for 6845 color */
#define INDEX              0    /* 6845's index register */
#define DATA               1    /* 6845's data register */
#define STATUS             6    /* 6845's status register */
#define VID_ORG           12    /* 6845's origin register */
#define CURSOR            14    /* 6845's cursor register */

/* The clock task should provide an interface for this */
#define TIMER_FREQ  1193182L    /* clock frequency for timer in PC and AT */

/* Beeper. */
#define BEEP_FREQ     0x0533    /* value to put into timer to set beep freq */
#define B_TIME             3    /* length of CTRL-G beep is ticks */

/* definitions used for font management */
#define GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX      0x3C4
#define GA_SEQUENCER_DATA       0x3C5
#define GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX       0x3CE
#define GA_GRAPHICS_DATA        0x3CF
#define GA_VIDEO_ADDRESS        0xA0000L
#define GA_FONT_SIZE            8192

/* Global variables used by the console driver and assembly support. */
PUBLIC int vid_index;           /* index of video segment in remote mem map */
PUBLIC u16_t vid_seg;
PUBLIC vir_bytes vid_off;       /* video ram is found at vid_seg:vid_off */
PUBLIC unsigned vid_size;       /* 0x2000 for color or 0x0800 for mono */
PUBLIC unsigned vid_mask;       /* 0x1FFF for color or 0x07FF for mono */
PUBLIC unsigned blank_color = BLANK_COLOR; /* display code for blank */

/* Private variables used by the console driver. */
PRIVATE int vid_port;           /* I/O port for accessing 6845 */
PRIVATE int wrap;               /* hardware can wrap? */
PRIVATE int softscroll;         /* 1 = software scrolling, 0 = hardware */
PRIVATE int beeping;            /* speaker is beeping? */
PRIVATE unsigned font_lines;    /* font lines per character */
PRIVATE unsigned scr_width;     /* # characters on a line */
PRIVATE unsigned scr_lines;     /* # lines on the screen */
PRIVATE unsigned scr_size;      /* # characters on the screen */

/* Per console data. */
typedef struct console {
  tty_t *c_tty;                 /* associated TTY struct */
  int c_column;                 /* current column number (0-origin) */
  int c_row;                    /* current row (0 at top of screen) */
  int c_rwords;                 /* number of WORDS (not bytes) in outqueue */
  unsigned c_start;             /* start of video memory of this console */
  unsigned c_limit;             /* limit of this console's video memory */
  unsigned c_org;               /* location in RAM where 6845 base points */
  unsigned c_cur;               /* current position of cursor in video RAM */
  unsigned c_attr;              /* character attribute */
  unsigned c_blank;             /* blank attribute */
  char c_reverse;               /* reverse video */
  char c_esc_state;             /* 0=normal, 1=ESC, 2=ESC[ */
  char c_esc_intro;             /* Distinguishing character following ESC */
  int *c_esc_parmp;             /* pointer to current escape parameter */
  int c_esc_parmv[MAX_ESC_PARMS];       /* list of escape parameters */
  u16_t c_ramqueue[CONS_RAM_WORDS];     /* buffer for video RAM */
} console_t;

PRIVATE int nr_cons= 1;         /* actual number of consoles */
PRIVATE console_t cons_table[NR_CONS];
PRIVATE console_t *curcons;     /* currently visible */

/* Color if using a color controller. */
#define color   (vid_port == C_6845)

/* Map from ANSI colors to the attributes used by the PC */
PRIVATE int ansi_colors[8] = {0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7};

/* Structure used for font management */
struct sequence {
        unsigned short index;
        unsigned char port;
        unsigned char value;
};

FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int cons_write, (struct tty *tp, int try)           );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_echo, (tty_t *tp, int c)                  );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void out_char, (console_t *cons, int c)             );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_putk, (int c)                             );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void beep, (void)                                   );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void do_escape, (console_t *cons, int c)            );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void flush, (console_t *cons)                       );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void parse_escape, (console_t *cons, int c)         );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void scroll_screen, (console_t *cons, int dir)      );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void set_6845, (int reg, unsigned val)              );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void get_6845, (int reg, unsigned *val)             );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void stop_beep, (timer_t *tmrp)                     );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_org0, (void)                              );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int ga_program, (struct sequence *seq)              );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int cons_ioctl, (tty_t *tp, int)                    );
PRIVATE _PROTOTYPE( void ser_putc, (char c)                             );

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_write                                   *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int cons_write(tp, try)
register struct tty *tp;        /* tells which terminal is to be used */
int try;
{
/* Copy as much data as possible to the output queue, then start I/O.  On
 * memory-mapped terminals, such as the IBM console, the I/O will also be
 * finished, and the counts updated.  Keep repeating until all I/O done.
 */

  int count;
  int result;
  register char *tbuf;
  char buf[64];
  console_t *cons = tp->tty_priv;

  if (try) return 1;    /* we can always write to console */

  /* Check quickly for nothing to do, so this can be called often without
   * unmodular tests elsewhere.
   */
  if ((count = tp->tty_outleft) == 0 || tp->tty_inhibited) return;

  /* Copy the user bytes to buf[] for decent addressing. Loop over the
   * copies, since the user buffer may be much larger than buf[].
   */
  do {
        if (count > sizeof(buf)) count = sizeof(buf);
        if ((result = sys_vircopy(tp->tty_outproc, D, tp->tty_out_vir, 
                        SELF, D, (vir_bytes) buf, (vir_bytes) count)) != OK)
                break;
        tbuf = buf;

        /* Update terminal data structure. */
        tp->tty_out_vir += count;
        tp->tty_outcum += count;
        tp->tty_outleft -= count;

        /* Output each byte of the copy to the screen.  Avoid calling
         * out_char() for the "easy" characters, put them into the buffer
         * directly.
         */
        do {
                if ((unsigned) *tbuf < ' ' || cons->c_esc_state > 0
                        || cons->c_column >= scr_width
                        || cons->c_rwords >= buflen(cons->c_ramqueue))
                {
                        out_char(cons, *tbuf++);
                } else {
                        cons->c_ramqueue[cons->c_rwords++] =
                                        cons->c_attr | (*tbuf++ & BYTE);
                        cons->c_column++;
                }
        } while (--count != 0);
  } while ((count = tp->tty_outleft) != 0 && !tp->tty_inhibited);

  flush(cons);                  /* transfer anything buffered to the screen */

  /* Reply to the writer if all output is finished or if an error occured. */
  if (tp->tty_outleft == 0 || result != OK) {
        /* REVIVE is not possible. I/O on memory mapped consoles finishes. */
        tty_reply(tp->tty_outrepcode, tp->tty_outcaller, tp->tty_outproc,
                                                        tp->tty_outcum);
        tp->tty_outcum = 0;
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_echo                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void cons_echo(tp, c)
register tty_t *tp;             /* pointer to tty struct */
int c;                          /* character to be echoed */
{
/* Echo keyboard input (print & flush). */
  console_t *cons = tp->tty_priv;

  out_char(cons, c);
  flush(cons);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              out_char                                     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void out_char(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;       /* pointer to console struct */
int c;                          /* character to be output */
{
/* Output a character on the console.  Check for escape sequences first. */
  if (cons->c_esc_state > 0) {
        parse_escape(cons, c);
        return;
  }

  switch(c) {
        case 000:               /* null is typically used for padding */
                return;         /* better not do anything */

        case 007:               /* ring the bell */
                flush(cons);    /* print any chars queued for output */
                beep();
                return;

        case '\b':              /* backspace */
                if (--cons->c_column < 0) {
                        if (--cons->c_row >= 0) cons->c_column += scr_width;
                }
                flush(cons);
                return;

        case '\n':              /* line feed */
                if ((cons->c_tty->tty_termios.c_oflag & (OPOST|ONLCR))
                                                == (OPOST|ONLCR)) {
                        cons->c_column = 0;
                }
                /*FALL THROUGH*/
        case 013:               /* CTRL-K */
        case 014:               /* CTRL-L */
                if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
                        scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
                } else {
                        cons->c_row++;
                }
                flush(cons);
                return;

        case '\r':              /* carriage return */
                cons->c_column = 0;
                flush(cons);
                return;

        case '\t':              /* tab */
                cons->c_column = (cons->c_column + TAB_SIZE) & ~TAB_MASK;
                if (cons->c_column > scr_width) {
                        cons->c_column -= scr_width;
                        if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
                                scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
                        } else {
                                cons->c_row++;
                        }
                }
                flush(cons);
                return;

        case 033:               /* ESC - start of an escape sequence */
                flush(cons);    /* print any chars queued for output */
                cons->c_esc_state = 1;  /* mark ESC as seen */
                return;

        default:                /* printable chars are stored in ramqueue */
                if (cons->c_column >= scr_width) {
                        if (!LINEWRAP) return;
                        if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
                                scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
                        } else {
                                cons->c_row++;
                        }
                        cons->c_column = 0;
                        flush(cons);
                }
                if (cons->c_rwords == buflen(cons->c_ramqueue)) flush(cons);
                cons->c_ramqueue[cons->c_rwords++] = cons->c_attr | (c & BYTE);
                cons->c_column++;                       /* next column */
                return;
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              scroll_screen                                *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void scroll_screen(cons, dir)
register console_t *cons;       /* pointer to console struct */
int dir;                        /* SCROLL_UP or SCROLL_DOWN */
{
  unsigned new_line, new_org, chars;

  flush(cons);
  chars = scr_size - scr_width;         /* one screen minus one line */

  /* Scrolling the screen is a real nuisance due to the various incompatible
   * video cards.  This driver supports software scrolling (Hercules?),
   * hardware scrolling (mono and CGA cards) and hardware scrolling without
   * wrapping (EGA cards).  In the latter case we must make sure that
   *            c_start <= c_org && c_org + scr_size <= c_limit
   * holds, because EGA doesn't wrap around the end of video memory.
   */
  if (dir == SCROLL_UP) {
        /* Scroll one line up in 3 ways: soft, avoid wrap, use origin. */
        if (softscroll) {
                vid_vid_copy(cons->c_start + scr_width, cons->c_start, chars);
        } else
        if (!wrap && cons->c_org + scr_size + scr_width >= cons->c_limit) {
                vid_vid_copy(cons->c_org + scr_width, cons->c_start, chars);
                cons->c_org = cons->c_start;
        } else {
                cons->c_org = (cons->c_org + scr_width) & vid_mask;
        }
        new_line = (cons->c_org + chars) & vid_mask;
  } else {
        /* Scroll one line down in 3 ways: soft, avoid wrap, use origin. */
        if (softscroll) {
                vid_vid_copy(cons->c_start, cons->c_start + scr_width, chars);
        } else
        if (!wrap && cons->c_org < cons->c_start + scr_width) {
                new_org = cons->c_limit - scr_size;
                vid_vid_copy(cons->c_org, new_org + scr_width, chars);
                cons->c_org = new_org;
        } else {
                cons->c_org = (cons->c_org - scr_width) & vid_mask;
        }
        new_line = cons->c_org;
  }
  /* Blank the new line at top or bottom. */
  blank_color = cons->c_blank;
  mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, new_line, scr_width);

  /* Set the new video origin. */
  if (cons == curcons) set_6845(VID_ORG, cons->c_org);
  flush(cons);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              flush                                        *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void flush(cons)
register console_t *cons;       /* pointer to console struct */
{
/* Send characters buffered in 'ramqueue' to screen memory, check the new
 * cursor position, compute the new hardware cursor position and set it.
 */
  unsigned cur;
  tty_t *tp = cons->c_tty;

  /* Have the characters in 'ramqueue' transferred to the screen. */
  if (cons->c_rwords > 0) {
        mem_vid_copy(cons->c_ramqueue, cons->c_cur, cons->c_rwords);
        cons->c_rwords = 0;

        /* TTY likes to know the current column and if echoing messed up. */
        tp->tty_position = cons->c_column;
        tp->tty_reprint = TRUE;
  }

  /* Check and update the cursor position. */
  if (cons->c_column < 0) cons->c_column = 0;
  if (cons->c_column > scr_width) cons->c_column = scr_width;
  if (cons->c_row < 0) cons->c_row = 0;
  if (cons->c_row >= scr_lines) cons->c_row = scr_lines - 1;
  cur = cons->c_org + cons->c_row * scr_width + cons->c_column;
  if (cur != cons->c_cur) {
        if (cons == curcons) set_6845(CURSOR, cur);
        cons->c_cur = cur;
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              parse_escape                                 *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void parse_escape(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;       /* pointer to console struct */
char c;                         /* next character in escape sequence */
{
/* The following ANSI escape sequences are currently supported.
 * If n and/or m are omitted, they default to 1.
 *   ESC [nA moves up n lines
 *   ESC [nB moves down n lines
 *   ESC [nC moves right n spaces
 *   ESC [nD moves left n spaces
 *   ESC [m;nH" moves cursor to (m,n)
 *   ESC [J clears screen from cursor
 *   ESC [K clears line from cursor
 *   ESC [nL inserts n lines ar cursor
 *   ESC [nM deletes n lines at cursor
 *   ESC [nP deletes n chars at cursor
 *   ESC [n@ inserts n chars at cursor
 *   ESC [nm enables rendition n (0=normal, 4=bold, 5=blinking, 7=reverse)
 *   ESC M scrolls the screen backwards if the cursor is on the top line
 */

  switch (cons->c_esc_state) {
    case 1:                     /* ESC seen */
        cons->c_esc_intro = '\0';
        cons->c_esc_parmp = bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv);
        do {
                *--cons->c_esc_parmp = 0;
        } while (cons->c_esc_parmp > cons->c_esc_parmv);
        switch (c) {
            case '[':   /* Control Sequence Introducer */
                cons->c_esc_intro = c;
                cons->c_esc_state = 2;
                break;
            case 'M':   /* Reverse Index */
                do_escape(cons, c);
                break;
            default:
                cons->c_esc_state = 0;
        }
        break;

    case 2:                     /* ESC [ seen */
        if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                if (cons->c_esc_parmp < bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv))
                        *cons->c_esc_parmp = *cons->c_esc_parmp * 10 + (c-'0');
        } else
        if (c == ';') {
                if (cons->c_esc_parmp < bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv))
                        cons->c_esc_parmp++;
        } else {
                do_escape(cons, c);
        }
        break;
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              do_escape                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void do_escape(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;       /* pointer to console struct */
char c;                         /* next character in escape sequence */
{
  int value, n;
  unsigned src, dst, count;
  int *parmp;

  /* Some of these things hack on screen RAM, so it had better be up to date */
  flush(cons);

  if (cons->c_esc_intro == '\0') {
        /* Handle a sequence beginning with just ESC */
        switch (c) {
            case 'M':           /* Reverse Index */
                if (cons->c_row == 0) {
                        scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_DOWN);
                } else {
                        cons->c_row--;
                }
                flush(cons);
                break;

            default: break;
        }
  } else
  if (cons->c_esc_intro == '[') {
        /* Handle a sequence beginning with ESC [ and parameters */
        value = cons->c_esc_parmv[0];
        switch (c) {
            case 'A':           /* ESC [nA moves up n lines */
                n = (value == 0 ? 1 : value);
                cons->c_row -= n;
                flush(cons);
                break;

            case 'B':           /* ESC [nB moves down n lines */
                n = (value == 0 ? 1 : value);
                cons->c_row += n;
                flush(cons);
                break;

            case 'C':           /* ESC [nC moves right n spaces */
                n = (value == 0 ? 1 : value);
                cons->c_column += n;
                flush(cons);
                break;

            case 'D':           /* ESC [nD moves left n spaces */
                n = (value == 0 ? 1 : value);
                cons->c_column -= n;
                flush(cons);
                break;

            case 'H':           /* ESC [m;nH" moves cursor to (m,n) */
                cons->c_row = cons->c_esc_parmv[0] - 1;
                cons->c_column = cons->c_esc_parmv[1] - 1;
                flush(cons);
                break;

            case 'J':           /* ESC [sJ clears in display */
                switch (value) {
                    case 0:     /* Clear from cursor to end of screen */
                        count = scr_size - (cons->c_cur - cons->c_org);
                        dst = cons->c_cur;
                        break;
                    case 1:     /* Clear from start of screen to cursor */
                        count = cons->c_cur - cons->c_org;
                        dst = cons->c_org;
                        break;
                    case 2:     /* Clear entire screen */
                        count = scr_size;
                        dst = cons->c_org;
                        break;
                    default:    /* Do nothing */
                        count = 0;
                        dst = cons->c_org;
                }
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, dst, count);
                break;

            case 'K':           /* ESC [sK clears line from cursor */
                switch (value) {
                    case 0:     /* Clear from cursor to end of line */
                        count = scr_width - cons->c_column;
                        dst = cons->c_cur;
                        break;
                    case 1:     /* Clear from beginning of line to cursor */
                        count = cons->c_column;
                        dst = cons->c_cur - cons->c_column;
                        break;
                    case 2:     /* Clear entire line */
                        count = scr_width;
                        dst = cons->c_cur - cons->c_column;
                        break;
                    default:    /* Do nothing */
                        count = 0;
                        dst = cons->c_cur;
                }
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, dst, count);
                break;

            case 'L':           /* ESC [nL inserts n lines at cursor */
                n = value;
                if (n < 1) n = 1;
                if (n > (scr_lines - cons->c_row))
                        n = scr_lines - cons->c_row;

                src = cons->c_org + cons->c_row * scr_width;
                dst = src + n * scr_width;
                count = (scr_lines - cons->c_row - n) * scr_width;
                vid_vid_copy(src, dst, count);
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, src, n * scr_width);
                break;

            case 'M':           /* ESC [nM deletes n lines at cursor */
                n = value;
                if (n < 1) n = 1;
                if (n > (scr_lines - cons->c_row))
                        n = scr_lines - cons->c_row;

                dst = cons->c_org + cons->c_row * scr_width;
                src = dst + n * scr_width;
                count = (scr_lines - cons->c_row - n) * scr_width;
                vid_vid_copy(src, dst, count);
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, dst + count, n * scr_width);
                break;

            case '@':           /* ESC [n@ inserts n chars at cursor */
                n = value;
                if (n < 1) n = 1;
                if (n > (scr_width - cons->c_column))
                        n = scr_width - cons->c_column;

                src = cons->c_cur;
                dst = src + n;
                count = scr_width - cons->c_column - n;
                vid_vid_copy(src, dst, count);
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, src, n);
                break;

            case 'P':           /* ESC [nP deletes n chars at cursor */
                n = value;
                if (n < 1) n = 1;
                if (n > (scr_width - cons->c_column))
                        n = scr_width - cons->c_column;

                dst = cons->c_cur;
                src = dst + n;
                count = scr_width - cons->c_column - n;
                vid_vid_copy(src, dst, count);
                blank_color = cons->c_blank;
                mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, dst + count, n);
                break;

            case 'm':           /* ESC [nm enables rendition n */
                for (parmp = cons->c_esc_parmv; parmp <= cons->c_esc_parmp
                                && parmp < bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv); parmp++) {
                        if (cons->c_reverse) {
                                /* Unswap fg and bg colors */
                                cons->c_attr =  ((cons->c_attr & 0x7000) >> 4) |
                                                ((cons->c_attr & 0x0700) << 4) |
                                                ((cons->c_attr & 0x8800));
                        }
                        switch (n = *parmp) {
                            case 0:     /* NORMAL */
                                cons->c_attr = cons->c_blank = BLANK_COLOR;
                                cons->c_reverse = FALSE;
                                break;

                            case 1:     /* BOLD  */
                                /* Set intensity bit */
                                cons->c_attr |= 0x0800;
                                break;

                            case 4:     /* UNDERLINE */
                                if (color) {
                                        /* Change white to cyan, i.e. lose red
                                         */
                                        cons->c_attr = (cons->c_attr & 0xBBFF);
                                } else {
                                        /* Set underline attribute */
                                        cons->c_attr = (cons->c_attr & 0x99FF);
                                }
                                break;

                            case 5:     /* BLINKING */
                                /* Set the blink bit */
                                cons->c_attr |= 0x8000;
                                break;

                            case 7:     /* REVERSE */
                                cons->c_reverse = TRUE;
                                break;

                            default:    /* COLOR */
                                if (n == 39) n = 37;    /* set default color */
                                if (n == 49) n = 40;

                                if (!color) {
                                        /* Don't mess up a monochrome screen */
                                } else
                                if (30 <= n && n <= 37) {
                                        /* Foreground color */
                                        cons->c_attr =
                                                (cons->c_attr & 0xF8FF) |
                                                (ansi_colors[(n - 30)] << 8);
                                        cons->c_blank =
                                                (cons->c_blank & 0xF8FF) |
                                                (ansi_colors[(n - 30)] << 8);
                                } else
                                if (40 <= n && n <= 47) {
                                        /* Background color */
                                        cons->c_attr =
                                                (cons->c_attr & 0x8FFF) |
                                                (ansi_colors[(n - 40)] << 12);
                                        cons->c_blank =
                                                (cons->c_blank & 0x8FFF) |
                                                (ansi_colors[(n - 40)] << 12);
                                }
                        }
                        if (cons->c_reverse) {
                                /* Swap fg and bg colors */
                                cons->c_attr =  ((cons->c_attr & 0x7000) >> 4) |
                                                ((cons->c_attr & 0x0700) << 4) |
                                                ((cons->c_attr & 0x8800));
                        }
                }
                break;
        }
  }
  cons->c_esc_state = 0;
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              set_6845                                     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void set_6845(reg, val)
int reg;                        /* which register pair to set */
unsigned val;                   /* 16-bit value to set it to */
{
/* Set a register pair inside the 6845.
 * Registers 12-13 tell the 6845 where in video ram to start
 * Registers 14-15 tell the 6845 where to put the cursor
 */
  pvb_pair_t char_out[4];
  pv_set(char_out[0], vid_port + INDEX, reg);   /* set index register */
  pv_set(char_out[1], vid_port + DATA, (val>>8) & BYTE);    /* high byte */
  pv_set(char_out[2], vid_port + INDEX, reg + 1);           /* again */
  pv_set(char_out[3], vid_port + DATA, val&BYTE);           /* low byte */
  sys_voutb(char_out, 4);                       /* do actual output */
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              get_6845                                     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void get_6845(reg, val)
int reg;                        /* which register pair to set */
unsigned *val;                  /* 16-bit value to set it to */
{
  char v1, v2;
  unsigned long v;
/* Get a register pair inside the 6845.  */
  sys_outb(vid_port + INDEX, reg); 
  sys_inb(vid_port + DATA, &v); 
  v1 = v;
  sys_outb(vid_port + INDEX, reg+1); 
  sys_inb(vid_port + DATA, &v); 
  v2 = v;
  *val = (v1 << 8) | v2;
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              beep                                         *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void beep()
{
/* Making a beeping sound on the speaker (output for CRTL-G).
 * This routine works by turning on the bits 0 and 1 in port B of the 8255
 * chip that drive the speaker.
 */
  static timer_t tmr_stop_beep;
  pvb_pair_t char_out[3];
  clock_t now;
  unsigned long port_b_val;
  int s;
  
  /* Fetch current time in advance to prevent beeping delay. */
  if ((s=getuptime(&now)) != OK)
        panic("TTY","Console couldn't get clock's uptime.", s);
  if (!beeping) {
        /* Set timer channel 2, square wave, with given frequency. */
        pv_set(char_out[0], TIMER_MODE, 0xB6);  
        pv_set(char_out[1], TIMER2, (BEEP_FREQ >> 0) & BYTE);
        pv_set(char_out[2], TIMER2, (BEEP_FREQ >> 8) & BYTE);
        if (sys_voutb(char_out, 3)==OK) {
                if (sys_inb(PORT_B, &port_b_val)==OK &&
                    sys_outb(PORT_B, (port_b_val|3))==OK)
                        beeping = TRUE;
        }
  }
  /* Add a timer to the timers list. Possibly reschedule the alarm. */
  tmrs_settimer(&tty_timers, &tmr_stop_beep, now+B_TIME, stop_beep, NULL);
  if (tty_timers->tmr_exp_time != tty_next_timeout) {
        tty_next_timeout = tty_timers->tmr_exp_time;
        if ((s=sys_setalarm(tty_next_timeout, 1)) != OK)
                panic("TTY","Console couldn't set alarm.", s);
  }
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *                              do_video                                     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void do_video(message *m)
{
        int i, n, r, ops, watch;
        unsigned char c;

        /* Execute the requested device driver function. */
        r= EINVAL;      /* just in case */
        switch (m->m_type) {
            case DEV_OPEN:
                /* Should grant IOPL */
                r= OK;
                break;
            case DEV_CLOSE:
                r= OK;
                break;
            case DEV_IOCTL:
                if (m->TTY_REQUEST == MIOCMAP || m->TTY_REQUEST == MIOCUNMAP)
                {
                        int r, do_map;
                        struct mapreq mapreq;

                        do_map= (m->REQUEST == MIOCMAP);        /* else unmap */

                        /* Get request structure */
                        r= sys_vircopy(m->IO_ENDPT, D,
                                (vir_bytes)m->ADDRESS,
                                SELF, D, (vir_bytes)&mapreq, sizeof(mapreq));
                        if (r != OK)
                        {
                                tty_reply(TASK_REPLY, m->m_source, m->IO_ENDPT,
                                        r);
                                return;
                        }
                        r= sys_vm_map(m->IO_ENDPT, do_map,
                                (phys_bytes)mapreq.base, mapreq.size,
                                mapreq.offset);
                        tty_reply(TASK_REPLY, m->m_source, m->IO_ENDPT, r);
                        return;
                }
                r= ENOTTY;
                break;

            default:            
                printf(
                "Warning, TTY(video) got unexpected request %d from %d\n",
                        m->m_type, m->m_source);
                r= EINVAL;
        }
        tty_reply(TASK_REPLY, m->m_source, m->IO_ENDPT, r);
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *                              beep_x                                       *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void beep_x(freq, dur)
unsigned freq;
clock_t dur;
{
/* Making a beeping sound on the speaker.
 * This routine works by turning on the bits 0 and 1 in port B of the 8255
 * chip that drive the speaker.
 */
  static timer_t tmr_stop_beep;
  pvb_pair_t char_out[3];
  clock_t now;
  unsigned long port_b_val;
  int s;
  
  unsigned long ival= TIMER_FREQ / freq;
  if (ival == 0 || ival > 0xffff)
        return; /* Frequency out of range */

  /* Fetch current time in advance to prevent beeping delay. */
  if ((s=getuptime(&now)) != OK)
        panic("TTY","Console couldn't get clock's uptime.", s);
  if (!beeping) {
        /* Set timer channel 2, square wave, with given frequency. */
        pv_set(char_out[0], TIMER_MODE, 0xB6);  
        pv_set(char_out[1], TIMER2, (ival >> 0) & BYTE);
        pv_set(char_out[2], TIMER2, (ival >> 8) & BYTE);
        if (sys_voutb(char_out, 3)==OK) {
                if (sys_inb(PORT_B, &port_b_val)==OK &&
                    sys_outb(PORT_B, (port_b_val|3))==OK)
                        beeping = TRUE;
        }
  }
  /* Add a timer to the timers list. Possibly reschedule the alarm. */
  tmrs_settimer(&tty_timers, &tmr_stop_beep, now+dur, stop_beep, NULL);
  if (tty_timers->tmr_exp_time != tty_next_timeout) {
        tty_next_timeout = tty_timers->tmr_exp_time;
        if ((s=sys_setalarm(tty_next_timeout, 1)) != OK)
                panic("TTY","Console couldn't set alarm.", s);
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              stop_beep                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void stop_beep(tmrp)
timer_t *tmrp;
{
/* Turn off the beeper by turning off bits 0 and 1 in PORT_B. */
  unsigned long port_b_val;
  if (sys_inb(PORT_B, &port_b_val)==OK && 
        sys_outb(PORT_B, (port_b_val & ~3))==OK)
                beeping = FALSE;
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              scr_init                                     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void scr_init(tp)
tty_t *tp;
{
/* Initialize the screen driver. */
  console_t *cons;
  phys_bytes vid_base;
  u16_t bios_columns, bios_crtbase, bios_fontlines;
  u8_t bios_rows;
  int line;
  int s;
  static int vdu_initialized = 0;
  unsigned page_size;

  /* Associate console and TTY. */
  line = tp - &tty_table[0];
  if (line >= nr_cons) return;
  cons = &cons_table[line];
  cons->c_tty = tp;
  tp->tty_priv = cons;

  /* Fill in TTY function hooks. */
  tp->tty_devwrite = cons_write;
  tp->tty_echo = cons_echo;
  tp->tty_ioctl = cons_ioctl;

  /* Get the BIOS parameters that describe the VDU. */
  if (! vdu_initialized++) {

        /* How about error checking? What to do on failure??? */
        s=sys_vircopy(SELF, BIOS_SEG, (vir_bytes) VDU_SCREEN_COLS_ADDR,
                SELF, D, (vir_bytes) &bios_columns, VDU_SCREEN_COLS_SIZE);
        s=sys_vircopy(SELF, BIOS_SEG, (vir_bytes) VDU_CRT_BASE_ADDR, 
                SELF, D, (vir_bytes) &bios_crtbase, VDU_CRT_BASE_SIZE);
        s=sys_vircopy(SELF, BIOS_SEG, (vir_bytes) VDU_SCREEN_ROWS_ADDR, 
                SELF, D, (vir_bytes) &bios_rows, VDU_SCREEN_ROWS_SIZE);
        s=sys_vircopy(SELF, BIOS_SEG, (vir_bytes) VDU_FONTLINES_ADDR, 
                SELF, D, (vir_bytes) &bios_fontlines, VDU_FONTLINES_SIZE);

        vid_port = bios_crtbase;
        scr_width = bios_columns;
        font_lines = bios_fontlines;
        scr_lines = machine.vdu_ega ? bios_rows+1 : 25;

        if (color) {
                vid_base = COLOR_BASE;
                vid_size = COLOR_SIZE;
        } else {
                vid_base = MONO_BASE;
                vid_size = MONO_SIZE;
        }
        if (machine.vdu_ega) vid_size = EGA_SIZE;
        wrap = ! machine.vdu_ega;

        s = sys_segctl(&vid_index, &vid_seg, &vid_off, vid_base, vid_size);

        vid_size >>= 1;         /* word count */
        vid_mask = vid_size - 1;

        /* Size of the screen (number of displayed characters.) */
        scr_size = scr_lines * scr_width;

        /* There can be as many consoles as video memory allows. */
        nr_cons = vid_size / scr_size;
        if (nr_cons > NR_CONS) nr_cons = NR_CONS;
        if (nr_cons > 1) wrap = 0;
        page_size = vid_size / nr_cons;
  }

  cons->c_start = line * page_size;
  cons->c_limit = cons->c_start + page_size;
  cons->c_cur = cons->c_org = cons->c_start;
  cons->c_attr = cons->c_blank = BLANK_COLOR;

  if (line != 0) {
        /* Clear the non-console vtys. */
        blank_color = BLANK_COLOR;
        mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, cons->c_start, scr_size);
  } else {
        int i, n;
        /* Set the cursor of the console vty at the bottom. c_cur
         * is updated automatically later.
         */
        scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
        cons->c_row = scr_lines - 1;
        cons->c_column = 0;
  }
  select_console(0);
  cons_ioctl(tp, 0);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              kputc                                        *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void kputc(c)
int c;
{
/* Accumulate a single character for a kernel message. Send a notification
 * the to output driver if an END_OF_KMESS is encountered. 
 */
#if 0
  ser_putc(c);
  return;
#endif

  if (panicing)
        cons_putk(c);
  if (c != 0) {
      kmess.km_buf[kmess.km_next] = c;  /* put normal char in buffer */
      if (kmess.km_size < KMESS_BUF_SIZE)
          kmess.km_size += 1;           
      kmess.km_next = (kmess.km_next + 1) % KMESS_BUF_SIZE;
  } else {
      notify(LOG_PROC_NR);
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              do_new_kmess                                 *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void do_new_kmess(m)
message *m;
{
/* Notification for a new kernel message. */
  struct kmessages kmess;                       /* kmessages structure */
  static int prev_next = 0;                     /* previous next seen */
  int size, next;
  int bytes;
  int r;

  /* Try to get a fresh copy of the buffer with kernel messages. */
#if DEAD_CODE   
  /* During shutdown, the reply is garbled because new notifications arrive
   * while the system task makes a copy of the kernel messages buffer.
   * Hence, don't check the return value. 
   */
  if ((r=sys_getkmessages(&kmess)) != OK) {
        printf("TTY: couldn't get copy of kmessages: %d, 0x%x\n", r,r);
        return;
  }
#endif
  sys_getkmessages(&kmess);

  /* Print only the new part. Determine how many new bytes there are with 
   * help of the current and previous 'next' index. Note that the kernel
   * buffer is circular. This works fine if less then KMESS_BUF_SIZE bytes
   * is new data; else we miss % KMESS_BUF_SIZE here.  
   * Check for size being positive, the buffer might as well be emptied!
   */
  if (kmess.km_size > 0) {
      bytes = ((kmess.km_next + KMESS_BUF_SIZE) - prev_next) % KMESS_BUF_SIZE;
      r=prev_next;                              /* start at previous old */ 
      while (bytes > 0) {                       
          cons_putk( kmess.km_buf[(r%KMESS_BUF_SIZE)] );
          bytes --;
          r ++;
      }
      cons_putk(0);                     /* terminate to flush output */
  }

  /* Almost done, store 'next' so that we can determine what part of the
   * kernel messages buffer to print next time a notification arrives.
   */
  prev_next = kmess.km_next;
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              do_diagnostics                               *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void do_diagnostics(m_ptr)
message *m_ptr;                 /* pointer to request message */
{
/* Print a string for a server. */
  char c;
  vir_bytes src;
  int count;
  int result = OK;
  int proc_nr = m_ptr->DIAG_ENDPT;
  if (proc_nr == SELF) proc_nr = m_ptr->m_source;

  src = (vir_bytes) m_ptr->DIAG_PRINT_BUF;
  for (count = m_ptr->DIAG_BUF_COUNT; count > 0; count--) {
        if (sys_vircopy(proc_nr, D, src++, SELF, D, (vir_bytes) &c, 1) != OK) {
                result = EFAULT;
                break;
        }
        cons_putk(c);
  }
  cons_putk(0);                 /* always terminate, even with EFAULT */
  m_ptr->m_type = result;
  send(m_ptr->m_source, m_ptr);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              do_get_kmess                                 *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void do_get_kmess(m_ptr)
message *m_ptr;                 /* pointer to request message */
{
/* Provide the log device with debug output */
  vir_bytes dst;
  int r;

  dst = (vir_bytes) m_ptr->GETKM_PTR;
  r= OK;
  if (sys_vircopy(SELF, D, (vir_bytes)&kmess, m_ptr->m_source, D,
        dst, sizeof(kmess)) != OK) {
        r = EFAULT;
  }
  m_ptr->m_type = r;
  send(m_ptr->m_source, m_ptr);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_putk                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void cons_putk(c)
int c;                          /* character to print */
{
/* This procedure is used to print a character on the console.
 */
  if (c != 0) {
        if (c == '\n') cons_putk('\r');
        out_char(&cons_table[0], (int) c);
  } else {
        flush(&cons_table[0]);
  }
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              toggle_scroll                                *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void toggle_scroll()
{
/* Toggle between hardware and software scroll. */

  cons_org0();
  softscroll = !softscroll;
  printf("%sware scrolling enabled.\n", softscroll ? "Soft" : "Hard");
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_stop                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void cons_stop()
{
/* Prepare for halt or reboot. */
  cons_org0();
  softscroll = 1;
  select_console(0);
  cons_table[0].c_attr = cons_table[0].c_blank = BLANK_COLOR;
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_org0                                    *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void cons_org0()
{
/* Scroll video memory back to put the origin at 0. */
  int cons_line;
  console_t *cons;
  unsigned n;

  for (cons_line = 0; cons_line < nr_cons; cons_line++) {
        cons = &cons_table[cons_line];
        while (cons->c_org > cons->c_start) {
                n = vid_size - scr_size;        /* amount of unused memory */
                if (n > cons->c_org - cons->c_start)
                        n = cons->c_org - cons->c_start;
                vid_vid_copy(cons->c_org, cons->c_org - n, scr_size);
                cons->c_org -= n;
        }
        flush(cons);
  }
  select_console(ccurrent);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              select_console                               *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void select_console(int cons_line)
{
/* Set the current console to console number 'cons_line'. */

  if (cons_line < 0 || cons_line >= nr_cons) return;
  ccurrent = cons_line;
  curcons = &cons_table[cons_line];
  set_6845(VID_ORG, curcons->c_org);
  set_6845(CURSOR, curcons->c_cur);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              con_loadfont                                 *
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC int con_loadfont(m)
message *m;
{
/* Load a font into the EGA or VGA adapter. */
  int result;
  static struct sequence seq1[7] = {
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x00, 0x01 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x02, 0x04 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x04, 0x07 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x00, 0x03 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x04, 0x02 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x05, 0x00 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x06, 0x00 },
  };
  static struct sequence seq2[7] = {
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x00, 0x01 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x02, 0x03 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x04, 0x03 },
        { GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX, 0x00, 0x03 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x04, 0x00 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x05, 0x10 },
        { GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX, 0x06,    0 },
  };

  seq2[6].value= color ? 0x0E : 0x0A;

  if (!machine.vdu_ega) return(ENOTTY);
  result = ga_program(seq1);    /* bring font memory into view */

  result = sys_physcopy(m->IO_ENDPT, D, (vir_bytes) m->ADDRESS, 
        NONE, PHYS_SEG, (phys_bytes) GA_VIDEO_ADDRESS, (phys_bytes)GA_FONT_SIZE);

  result = ga_program(seq2);    /* restore */

  return(result);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              ga_program                                   *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int ga_program(seq)
struct sequence *seq;
{
  pvb_pair_t char_out[14];
  int i;
  for (i=0; i<7; i++) {
      pv_set(char_out[2*i], seq->index, seq->port);
      pv_set(char_out[2*i+1], seq->index+1, seq->value);
      seq++;
  } 
  return sys_voutb(char_out, 14);
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *                              cons_ioctl                                   *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int cons_ioctl(tp, try)
tty_t *tp;
int try;
{
/* Set the screen dimensions. */

  tp->tty_winsize.ws_row= scr_lines;
  tp->tty_winsize.ws_col= scr_width;
  tp->tty_winsize.ws_xpixel= scr_width * 8;
  tp->tty_winsize.ws_ypixel= scr_lines * font_lines;
}

#define COM1_BASE       0x3F8
#define COM1_THR        (COM1_BASE + 0)
#define         LSR_THRE        0x20
#define COM1_LSR        (COM1_BASE + 5)

PRIVATE void ser_putc(char c)
{
        unsigned long b;
        int i;
        int lsr, thr;

        lsr= COM1_LSR;
        thr= COM1_THR;
        for (i= 0; i<100; i++)
        {
                sys_inb(lsr, &b);
                if (b & LSR_THRE)
                        break;
        }
        sys_outb(thr, c);
}

---